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Another terrific resource is\n`,(0,a.jsx)(e.a,{href:\"https://www.totaltypescript.com/\",children:\"Total TypeScript\"}),` which has a lot of great\nfree resources which go much deeper than we do in this exercise.`]}),`\n`,(0,a.jsx)(e.p,{children:\"With that said, here's a quick intro to adding type annotations to functions:\"}),`\n`,(0,a.jsx)(e.pre,{\"data-line-numbers\":\"true\",\"data-lang\":\"tsx\",style:{color:\"var(--base05)\",backgroundColor:\"var(--base00)\"},children:(0,a.jsxs)(e.code,{children:[(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"1\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base03)\"},children:\"// here's a regular JS function that accepts a user\"}),`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"2\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base03)\"},children:\"// which might have a name 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\",\"'\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0B)\"},children:\"Unknown\"}),\"'\",`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"5\",children:[\"}\",`\n`]}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"6\",children:`\n`}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"7\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base03)\"},children:\"// here's how you'd type that user object to say it has an optional name property:\"}),`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"8\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"type\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"User\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"=\"}),\" { \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"name\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"?:\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0C)\"},children:\"string\"}),\" }\",`\n`]}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"9\",children:`\n`}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"10\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base03)\"},children:\"// and here's how you'd tell TypeScript that the user parameter is a User object\"}),`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"11\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0D)\"},children:\"function\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0D)\"},children:\"getName\"}),\"(\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"user\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\":\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"User\"}),\") {\",`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"12\",children:[\"\t\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"return\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"user\"}),\".\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"name\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"??\"}),\" \",\"'\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0B)\"},children:\"Unknown\"}),\"'\",`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"13\",children:[\"}\",`\n`]}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"14\",children:`\n`}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"15\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base03)\"},children:\"// and if you'd like to, you can specify the return type explicitly as well\"}),`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"16\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base03)\"},children:\"// (though it is inferred):\"}),`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"17\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0D)\"},children:\"function\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0D)\"},children:\"getName\"}),\"(\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"user\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\":\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"User\"}),\")\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\":\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0C)\"},children:\"string\"}),\" {\",`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"18\",children:[\"\t\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"return\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"user\"}),\".\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"name\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"??\"}),\" \",\"'\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0B)\"},children:\"Unknown\"}),\"'\",`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"19\",children:[\"}\",`\n`]})]})}),`\n`,(0,a.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[`\\u{1F4DC} Learn more about the syntax for functions in TypeScript here:\n`,(0,a.jsx)(e.a,{href:\"https://kentcdodds.com/blog/typescript-function-syntaxes\",children:\"TypeScript Function Syntaxes\"})]}),`\n`,(0,a.jsx)(e.p,{children:`Let's look at a quick example of adding TypeScript to a simple (and familiar)\nReact component:`}),`\n`,(0,a.jsx)(e.pre,{\"data-line-numbers\":\"true\",\"data-lang\":\"tsx\",style:{color:\"var(--base05)\",backgroundColor:\"var(--base00)\"},children:(0,a.jsxs)(e.code,{children:[(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"1\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0D)\"},children:\"function\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0D)\"},children:\"Message\"}),\"(\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"props\"}),\") {\",`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"2\",children:[\"\t\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"return\"}),\" <\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"div\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0D)\"},children:\"className\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"=\"}),'\"',(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0B)\"},children:\"message\"}),'\"',\">\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0F)\"},children:\"{\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"props\"}),\".\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"children\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0F)\"},children:\"}\"}),\"\",`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"3\",children:[\"}\",`\n`]}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"4\",children:`\n`}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"5\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base03)\"},children:\"// We could say:\"}),`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"6\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"type\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"MessageProps\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"=\"}),\" { \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"children\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\":\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0C)\"},children:\"string\"}),\" }\",`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"7\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0D)\"},children:\"function\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0D)\"},children:\"Message\"}),\"(\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"props\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\":\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"MessageProps\"}),\") {\",`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"8\",children:[\"\t\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"return\"}),\" <\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"div\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0D)\"},children:\"className\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"=\"}),'\"',(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0B)\"},children:\"message\"}),'\"',\">\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0F)\"},children:\"{\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"props\"}),\".\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"children\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0F)\"},children:\"}\"}),\"\",`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"9\",children:[\"}\",`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"10\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base03)\"},children:\"// that would allow: Hello World\"}),`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"11\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base03)\"},children:\"// but not: Hello World\"}),`\n`]}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"12\",children:`\n`}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"13\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base03)\"},children:\"// The React types have a ReactNode, which is the recommended choice for the children prop:\"}),`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"14\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"type\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"MessageProps\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"=\"}),\" { \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"children\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\":\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"React\"}),\".\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"ReactNode\"}),\" }\",`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"15\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0D)\"},children:\"function\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0D)\"},children:\"Message\"}),\"(\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"props\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\":\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"MessageProps\"}),\") {\",`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"16\",children:[\"\t\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"return\"}),\" <\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"div\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0D)\"},children:\"className\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"=\"}),'\"',(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0B)\"},children:\"message\"}),'\"',\">\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0F)\"},children:\"{\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"props\"}),\".\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"children\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0F)\"},children:\"}\"}),\"\",`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"17\",children:[\"}\",`\n`]}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"18\",children:`\n`}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"19\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base03)\"},children:\"// keep in mind that you don't *have* to give your props a name.\"}),`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"20\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base03)\"},children:\"// You can inline them as well. This works just the same as above:\"}),`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"21\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0D)\"},children:\"function\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0D)\"},children:\"Message\"}),\"(\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"props\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\":\"}),\" { \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"children\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\":\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"React\"}),\".\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"ReactNode\"}),\" }) {\",`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"22\",children:[\"\t\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"return\"}),\" <\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"div\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0D)\"},children:\"className\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"=\"}),'\"',(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0B)\"},children:\"message\"}),'\"',\">\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0F)\"},children:\"{\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"props\"}),\".\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"children\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0F)\"},children:\"}\"}),\"\",`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"23\",children:[\"}\",`\n`]}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"24\",children:`\n`}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"25\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base03)\"},children:\"// and you can destructure as well (this is what I do most of the time):\"}),`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"26\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0D)\"},children:\"function\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0D)\"},children:\"Message\"}),\"({ \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"children\"}),\" }\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\":\"}),\" { \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"children\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\":\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"React\"}),\".\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"ReactNode\"}),\" }) {\",`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"27\",children:[\"\t\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"return\"}),\" <\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"div\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0D)\"},children:\"className\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"=\"}),'\"',(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0B)\"},children:\"message\"}),'\"',\">\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0F)\"},children:\"{\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"children\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0F)\"},children:\"}\"}),\"\",`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"28\",children:[\"}\",`\n`]}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"29\",children:`\n`}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"30\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base03)\"},children:\"// mix-and-match:\"}),`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"31\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"type\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"MessageProps\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"=\"}),\" { \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"children\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\":\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"React\"}),\".\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"ReactNode\"}),\" }\",`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"32\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0D)\"},children:\"function\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0D)\"},children:\"Message\"}),\"({ \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"children\"}),\" }\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\":\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"MessageProps\"}),\") {\",`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"33\",children:[\"\t\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"return\"}),\" <\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"div\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0D)\"},children:\"className\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"=\"}),'\"',(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0B)\"},children:\"message\"}),'\"',\">\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0F)\"},children:\"{\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"children\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0F)\"},children:\"}\"}),\"\",`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"34\",children:[\"}\",`\n`]})]})}),`\n`,(0,a.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[`\\u{1F4DC} Learn more about typing React components here:\n`,(0,a.jsx)(e.a,{href:\"https://kentcdodds.com/blog/how-to-write-a-react-component-in-typescript\",children:\"How to write a React Component in TypeScript\"})]}),`\n`,(0,a.jsx)(e.p,{children:`\\u{1F989} It's great to have your code type checked, but not at the expense of\nprogressing and learning. If you get totally stuck on something, then I suggest\nyou tell TypeScript to quiet down and come back to it later when you're more\nexperienced or want to focus on it. You can do this like so:`}),`\n`,(0,a.jsx)(e.pre,{\"data-line-numbers\":\"true\",\"data-lang\":\"typescript\",style:{color:\"var(--base05)\",backgroundColor:\"var(--base00)\"},children:(0,a.jsxs)(e.code,{children:[(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"1\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base03)\"},children:\"// @ts-expect-error TypeScript is complaining about this next line.\"}),`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"2\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base03)\"},children:\"// Something about magic not existing.\"}),`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"3\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base03)\"},children:\"// I don't know how to fix this right now and AI Assistants were unhelpful...\"}),`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"4\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base03)\"},children:\"// Come back later.\"}),`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"5\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"make\"}),\".\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0D)\"},children:\"magic\"}),\"()\",`\n`]})]})}),`\n`,(0,a.jsx)(e.p,{children:`Don't worry if you struggle with TypeScript at first, the more you use it, the\nbetter you'll get at it, just like anything else.`}),`\n`,(0,a.jsx)(\"callout-info\",{children:(0,a.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"Note: We're moving from the \",(0,a.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"*.html\"}),\" files to \",(0,a.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"*.tsx\"}),` files. This is more\nreal-world and also your editor likely supports TypeScript better within\nTypeScript files rather than HTML files. From here on out, the `,(0,a.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"index.tsx\"}),`\nfile will be loaded onto the page automatically. We'll also get live reload of\nthe browser as we save changes which will be quite nice. The workshop app is a\nlittle magical, but you'll find `,(0,a.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"createRoot(rootElement).render(element)\"}),`\ncalls in each of the files, just like we were doing in the previous exercises.`]})})]})}function h(n={}){let{wrapper:e}=n.components||{};return e?(0,a.jsx)(e,{...n,children:(0,a.jsx)(d,{...n})}):d(n)}function w(n,e){throw new Error(\"Expected \"+(e?\"component\":\"object\")+\" `\"+n+\"` to be defined: you likely forgot to import, pass, or provide it.\")}return f(E);})();\n;return Component;","finishedCode","var Component=(()=>{var m=Object.create;var i=Object.defineProperty;var f=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor;var h=Object.getOwnPropertyNames;var w=Object.getPrototypeOf,x=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;var l=(t,e)=>()=>(e||t((e={exports:{}}).exports,e),e.exports),y=(t,e)=>{for(var n in e)i(t,n,{get:e[n],enumerable:!0})},c=(t,e,n,s)=>{if(e&&typeof e==\"object\"||typeof e==\"function\")for(let o of h(e))!x.call(t,o)&&o!==n&&i(t,o,{get:()=>e[o],enumerable:!(s=f(e,o))||s.enumerable});return t};var _=(t,e,n)=>(n=t!=null?m(w(t)):{},c(e||!t||!t.__esModule?i(n,\"default\",{value:t,enumerable:!0}):n,t)),j=t=>c(i({},\"__esModule\",{value:!0}),t);var d=l((b,a)=>{a.exports=_jsx_runtime});var E={};y(E,{default:()=>u,frontmatter:()=>g});var r=_(d()),g=void 0;function p(t){let e={h1:\"h1\",p:\"p\",...t.components},{EpicVideo:n}=e;return n||k(\"EpicVideo\",!0),(0,r.jsxs)(r.Fragment,{children:[(0,r.jsx)(e.h1,{children:\"TypeScript\"}),`\n`,(0,r.jsx)(n,{url:\"https://www.epicreact.dev/workshops/react-fundamentals/dad-joke-break-typescript\"}),`\n`,(0,r.jsx)(e.p,{children:`\\u{1F468}\\u200D\\u{1F4BC} Awesome work. TypeScript is a must in this industry and using it with React\nis fairly straightforward.`})]})}function u(t={}){let{wrapper:e}=t.components||{};return e?(0,r.jsx)(e,{...t,children:(0,r.jsx)(p,{...t})}):p(t)}function k(t,e){throw new Error(\"Expected \"+(e?\"component\":\"object\")+\" `\"+t+\"` to be defined: you likely forgot to import, pass, or provide it.\")}return j(E);})();\n;return Component;","instructionsEpicVideoEmbeds",[877],"https://www.epicreact.dev/workshops/react-fundamentals/intro-to-typescript","finishedEpicVideoEmbeds",[880],"https://www.epicreact.dev/workshops/react-fundamentals/dad-joke-break-typescript",[882,915,938,961,984,1007],{"_477":478,"_476":883,"_502":903},{"_20":135,"_342":658,"_869":884,"_22":136,"_24":137,"_871":885,"_886":887,"_889":890,"_897":898,"_900":901,"_466":566,"_477":478,"_9":476,"_902":139},"01.problem.props","var Component=(()=>{var l=Object.create;var r=Object.defineProperty;var u=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor;var m=Object.getOwnPropertyNames;var f=Object.getPrototypeOf,w=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;var g=(t,e)=>()=>(e||t((e={exports:{}}).exports,e),e.exports),y=(t,e)=>{for(var n in e)r(t,n,{get:e[n],enumerable:!0})},s=(t,e,n,c)=>{if(e&&typeof e==\"object\"||typeof e==\"function\")for(let i of m(e))!w.call(t,i)&&i!==n&&r(t,i,{get:()=>e[i],enumerable:!(c=u(e,i))||c.enumerable});return t};var x=(t,e,n)=>(n=t!=null?l(f(t)):{},s(e||!t||!t.__esModule?r(n,\"default\",{value:t,enumerable:!0}):n,t)),_=t=>s(r({},\"__esModule\",{value:!0}),t);var d=g((b,a)=>{a.exports=_jsx_runtime});var v={};y(v,{default:()=>h,frontmatter:()=>j});var o=x(d()),j=void 0;function p(t){let e={code:\"code\",h1:\"h1\",p:\"p\",...t.components},{EpicVideo:n}=e;return n||k(\"EpicVideo\",!0),(0,o.jsxs)(o.Fragment,{children:[(0,o.jsx)(e.h1,{children:\"Props\"}),`\n`,(0,o.jsx)(n,{url:\"https://www.epicreact.dev/workshops/react-fundamentals/props-ts\"}),`\n`,(0,o.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"\\u{1F468}\\u200D\\u{1F4BC} Our developers are having a hard time using the \",(0,o.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"Calculator\"}),` component\nproperly, so I want you to add type annotations.`]}),`\n`,(0,o.jsx)(e.p,{children:`I'd also like you to meet Lily the Life Jacket! \\u{1F9BA} She's going to be hanging\naround with the rest of the crew to indicate wherever there's something that's\nTypeScript-specific you need to do and to give you TypeScript-specific tips.\nYou'll be working with Lily the Life Jacket a lot in this exercise.`}),`\n`,(0,o.jsx)(e.p,{children:\"Follow the emoji!\"})]})}function h(t={}){let{wrapper:e}=t.components||{};return e?(0,o.jsx)(e,{...t,children:(0,o.jsx)(p,{...t})}):p(t)}function k(t,e){throw new Error(\"Expected \"+(e?\"component\":\"object\")+\" `\"+t+\"` to be defined: you likely forgot to import, pass, or provide it.\")}return _(v);})();\n;return Component;","epicVideoEmbeds",[888],"https://www.epicreact.dev/workshops/react-fundamentals/props-ts","test",{"_9":891,"_892":893,"_894":895},"browser","pathname","/app/05.01.problem/test/","testFiles",[896],"calculator.test.ts","dev",{"_9":891,"_892":899},"/app/05.01.problem/","stackBlitzUrl","https://stackblitz.com/github/epicweb-dev/react-fundamentals/tree/main/exercises/05.typescript/01.problem.props?view=editor&title=Props+%28problem%29&hidedevtools=1&terminalHeight=0&hideNavigation=1&file=index.tsx","solutionName",{"_20":139,"_342":658,"_869":904,"_22":140,"_24":141,"_871":905,"_886":906,"_889":908,"_897":911,"_900":913,"_466":566,"_477":478,"_9":502,"_914":-5},"01.solution.props","var Component=(()=>{var l=Object.create;var c=Object.defineProperty;var h=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor;var m=Object.getOwnPropertyNames;var f=Object.getPrototypeOf,w=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;var x=(t,e)=>()=>(e||t((e={exports:{}}).exports,e),e.exports),_=(t,e)=>{for(var o in e)c(t,o,{get:e[o],enumerable:!0})},i=(t,e,o,s)=>{if(e&&typeof e==\"object\"||typeof e==\"function\")for(let r of m(e))!w.call(t,r)&&r!==o&&c(t,r,{get:()=>e[r],enumerable:!(s=h(e,r))||s.enumerable});return t};var g=(t,e,o)=>(o=t!=null?l(f(t)):{},i(e||!t||!t.__esModule?c(o,\"default\",{value:t,enumerable:!0}):o,t)),j=t=>i(c({},\"__esModule\",{value:!0}),t);var a=x((b,p)=>{p.exports=_jsx_runtime});var E={};_(E,{default:()=>u,frontmatter:()=>y});var n=g(a()),y=void 0;function d(t){let e={code:\"code\",h1:\"h1\",p:\"p\",...t.components},{EpicVideo:o}=e;return o||k(\"EpicVideo\",!0),(0,n.jsxs)(n.Fragment,{children:[(0,n.jsx)(e.h1,{children:\"Props\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(o,{url:\"https://www.epicreact.dev/workshops/react-fundamentals/props-ts/solution\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[`\\u{1F468}\\u200D\\u{1F4BC} Great work! Now we'll get some type safety when people are using the\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"Calculator\"}),\" component. But I think we can do better for the operator prop...\"]})]})}function u(t={}){let{wrapper:e}=t.components||{};return e?(0,n.jsx)(e,{...t,children:(0,n.jsx)(d,{...t})}):d(t)}function k(t,e){throw new Error(\"Expected \"+(e?\"component\":\"object\")+\" `\"+t+\"` to be defined: you likely forgot to import, pass, or provide it.\")}return j(E);})();\n;return Component;",[907],"https://www.epicreact.dev/workshops/react-fundamentals/props-ts/solution",{"_9":891,"_892":909,"_894":910},"/app/05.01.solution/test/",[896],{"_9":891,"_892":912},"/app/05.01.solution/","https://stackblitz.com/github/epicweb-dev/react-fundamentals/tree/main/exercises/05.typescript/01.solution.props?view=editor&title=Props+%28solution%29&hidedevtools=1&terminalHeight=0&hideNavigation=1&file=index.tsx","problemName",{"_477":486,"_476":916,"_502":927},{"_20":143,"_342":682,"_869":917,"_22":144,"_24":145,"_871":918,"_886":919,"_889":921,"_897":924,"_900":926,"_466":566,"_477":486,"_9":476,"_902":147},"02.problem.narrow","var Component=(()=>{var h=Object.create;var l=Object.defineProperty;var b=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor;var y=Object.getOwnPropertyNames;var u=Object.getPrototypeOf,v=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;var m=(r,e)=>()=>(e||r((e={exports:{}}).exports,e),e.exports),g=(r,e)=>{for(var a in e)l(r,a,{get:e[a],enumerable:!0})},t=(r,e,a,s)=>{if(e&&typeof e==\"object\"||typeof e==\"function\")for(let o of y(e))!v.call(r,o)&&o!==a&&l(r,o,{get:()=>e[o],enumerable:!(s=b(e,o))||s.enumerable});return r};var w=(r,e,a)=>(a=r!=null?h(u(r)):{},t(e||!r||!r.__esModule?l(a,\"default\",{value:r,enumerable:!0}):a,r)),f=r=>t(l({},\"__esModule\",{value:!0}),r);var i=m((A,c)=>{c.exports=_jsx_runtime});var E={};g(E,{default:()=>p,frontmatter:()=>x});var n=w(i()),x=void 0;function d(r){let e={a:\"a\",code:\"code\",em:\"em\",h1:\"h1\",p:\"p\",pre:\"pre\",span:\"span\",...r.components},{EpicVideo:a}=e;return a||k(\"EpicVideo\",!0),(0,n.jsxs)(n.Fragment,{children:[(0,n.jsx)(e.h1,{children:\"Narrow Types\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(a,{url:\"https://www.epicreact.dev/workshops/react-fundamentals/narrow-types\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"\\u{1F468}\\u200D\\u{1F4BC} Our \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"CalculatorProps['operator']\"}),\" type being set simply to \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"string\"}),` is not\n\"narrow\" enough to help users of our `,(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"Calculator\"}),\" component. It allows \",(0,n.jsx)(e.em,{children:\"any\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"string\"}),` value to be provided, even one which our Calculator doesn't support.\nFor example, the exponentiation operator `,(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"**\"}),` could be passed and TypeScript\nwon't complain, but this would cause a runtime error because we don't have a\nfunction to handle that operator:`]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.pre,{\"data-line-numbers\":\"true\",\"data-lang\":\"tsx\",style:{color:\"var(--base05)\",backgroundColor:\"var(--base00)\"},children:(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:(0,n.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"1\",children:[(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"element\"}),\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"=\"}),\" <\",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"Calculator\"}),\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0D)\"},children:\"left\"}),(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"=\"}),(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0F)\"},children:\"{\"}),(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base09)\"},children:\"2\"}),(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0F)\"},children:\"}\"}),\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0D)\"},children:\"operator\"}),(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"=\"}),'\"',(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0B)\"},children:\"**\"}),'\"',\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0D)\"},children:\"right\"}),(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"=\"}),(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0F)\"},children:\"{\"}),(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base09)\"},children:\"3\"}),(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0F)\"},children:\"}\"}),\" /> \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base03)\"},children:\"// \\u{1F4A5}\"}),`\n`]})})}),`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"On top of that, the API for our \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"Calculator\"}),` isn't very discoverable. How would\npeople know which `,(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"operations\"}),\" are possible? Docs? Trial and error?\"]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"Rather than a \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"string\"}),`, your TypeScript type definition can be set to a specific\nstring. For example:`]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.pre,{\"data-line-numbers\":\"true\",\"data-lang\":\"tsx\",style:{color:\"var(--base05)\",backgroundColor:\"var(--base00)\"},children:(0,n.jsxs)(e.code,{children:[(0,n.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"1\",children:[(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"type\"}),\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"KodyString\"}),\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"=\"}),\" \",\"'\",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0B)\"},children:\"Kody\"}),\"'\",`\n`]}),(0,n.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"2\",children:[(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"let\"}),\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"kody\"}),(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\":\"}),\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"KodyString\"}),\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base03)\"},children:\"// this variable can only ever be set to the string 'Kody'\"}),`\n`]})]})}),`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[`Combine that functionality with\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.a,{href:\"https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/2/everyday-types.html#union-types\",children:[\"union syntax of \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"|\"})]}),`\nand you'll be able to specify exactly which operators are allowed. For example:`]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.pre,{\"data-line-numbers\":\"true\",\"data-lang\":\"tsx\",style:{color:\"var(--base05)\",backgroundColor:\"var(--base00)\"},children:(0,n.jsxs)(e.code,{children:[(0,n.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"1\",children:[(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"type\"}),\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"KodyOrHannahString\"}),\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"=\"}),\" \",\"'\",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0B)\"},children:\"Kody\"}),\"'\",\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"|\"}),\" \",\"'\",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0B)\"},children:\"Hannah\"}),\"'\",`\n`]}),(0,n.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"2\",children:[(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"let\"}),\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"assistant\"}),(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\":\"}),\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"KodyOrHannahString\"}),\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base03)\"},children:\"// this variable can only ever be set to the string 'Kody' or 'Hannah'\"}),`\n`]}),(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"3\",children:`\n`}),(0,n.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"4\",children:[(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base03)\"},children:\"// \\u{1F4B0} tip: we could do the same thing without creating a type by inlining instead:\"}),`\n`]}),(0,n.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"5\",children:[(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base03)\"},children:\"// let assistant: 'Kody' | 'Hannah'\"}),`\n`]})]})}),`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"How about we narrow our \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"operator\"}),\" type from a \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"string\"}),` to some specific strings\nusing a union.`]})]})}function p(r={}){let{wrapper:e}=r.components||{};return e?(0,n.jsx)(e,{...r,children:(0,n.jsx)(d,{...r})}):d(r)}function k(r,e){throw new Error(\"Expected \"+(e?\"component\":\"object\")+\" `\"+r+\"` to be defined: you likely forgot to import, pass, or provide it.\")}return f(E);})();\n;return Component;",[920],"https://www.epicreact.dev/workshops/react-fundamentals/narrow-types",{"_9":891,"_892":922,"_894":923},"/app/05.02.problem/test/",[896],{"_9":891,"_892":925},"/app/05.02.problem/","https://stackblitz.com/github/epicweb-dev/react-fundamentals/tree/main/exercises/05.typescript/02.problem.narrow?view=editor&title=Narrow+Types+%28problem%29&hidedevtools=1&terminalHeight=0&hideNavigation=1&file=index.tsx",{"_20":147,"_342":682,"_869":928,"_22":148,"_24":149,"_871":929,"_886":930,"_889":932,"_897":935,"_900":937,"_466":566,"_477":486,"_9":502,"_914":-5},"02.solution.narrow","var Component=(()=>{var h=Object.create;var s=Object.defineProperty;var m=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor;var f=Object.getOwnPropertyNames;var w=Object.getPrototypeOf,l=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;var x=(e,t)=>()=>(t||e((t={exports:{}}).exports,t),t.exports),_=(e,t)=>{for(var o in t)s(e,o,{get:t[o],enumerable:!0})},c=(e,t,o,i)=>{if(t&&typeof t==\"object\"||typeof t==\"function\")for(let r of f(t))!l.call(e,r)&&r!==o&&s(e,r,{get:()=>t[r],enumerable:!(i=m(t,r))||i.enumerable});return e};var g=(e,t,o)=>(o=e!=null?h(w(e)):{},c(t||!e||!e.__esModule?s(o,\"default\",{value:e,enumerable:!0}):o,e)),j=e=>c(s({},\"__esModule\",{value:!0}),e);var a=x((k,p)=>{p.exports=_jsx_runtime});var M={};_(M,{default:()=>u,frontmatter:()=>y});var n=g(a()),y=void 0;function d(e){let t={h1:\"h1\",p:\"p\",...e.components},{EpicVideo:o}=t;return o||E(\"EpicVideo\",!0),(0,n.jsxs)(n.Fragment,{children:[(0,n.jsx)(t.h1,{children:\"Narrow Types\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(o,{url:\"https://www.epicreact.dev/workshops/react-fundamentals/narrow-types/solution\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(t.p,{children:`\\u{1F468}\\u200D\\u{1F4BC} Great, we've narrowed our types a bit which helps a lot with the experience\nof using our component props. But there's more to do! Let's keep going.`})]})}function u(e={}){let{wrapper:t}=e.components||{};return t?(0,n.jsx)(t,{...e,children:(0,n.jsx)(d,{...e})}):d(e)}function E(e,t){throw new Error(\"Expected \"+(t?\"component\":\"object\")+\" `\"+e+\"` to be defined: you likely forgot to import, pass, or provide it.\")}return j(M);})();\n;return Component;",[931],"https://www.epicreact.dev/workshops/react-fundamentals/narrow-types/solution",{"_9":891,"_892":933,"_894":934},"/app/05.02.solution/test/",[896],{"_9":891,"_892":936},"/app/05.02.solution/","https://stackblitz.com/github/epicweb-dev/react-fundamentals/tree/main/exercises/05.typescript/02.solution.narrow?view=editor&title=Narrow+Types+%28solution%29&hidedevtools=1&terminalHeight=0&hideNavigation=1&file=index.tsx",{"_477":512,"_476":939,"_502":950},{"_20":151,"_342":684,"_869":940,"_22":152,"_24":153,"_871":941,"_886":942,"_889":944,"_897":947,"_900":949,"_466":566,"_477":512,"_9":476,"_902":155},"03.problem.derive","var Component=(()=>{var h=Object.create;var t=Object.defineProperty;var y=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor;var u=Object.getOwnPropertyNames;var b=Object.getPrototypeOf,m=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;var f=(r,e)=>()=>(e||r((e={exports:{}}).exports,e),e.exports),v=(r,e)=>{for(var o in e)t(r,o,{get:e[o],enumerable:!0})},l=(r,e,o,s)=>{if(e&&typeof e==\"object\"||typeof e==\"function\")for(let a of u(e))!m.call(r,a)&&a!==o&&t(r,a,{get:()=>e[a],enumerable:!(s=y(e,a))||s.enumerable});return r};var w=(r,e,o)=>(o=r!=null?h(b(r)):{},l(e||!r||!r.__esModule?t(o,\"default\",{value:r,enumerable:!0}):o,r)),k=r=>l(t({},\"__esModule\",{value:!0}),r);var d=f((C,c)=>{c.exports=_jsx_runtime});var E={};v(E,{default:()=>p,frontmatter:()=>g});var n=w(d()),g=void 0;function i(r){let e={a:\"a\",code:\"code\",h1:\"h1\",p:\"p\",pre:\"pre\",span:\"span\",...r.components},{EpicVideo:o}=e;return o||x(\"EpicVideo\",!0),(0,n.jsxs)(n.Fragment,{children:[(0,n.jsx)(e.h1,{children:\"Derive Types\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(o,{url:\"https://www.epicreact.dev/workshops/react-fundamentals/derive-types\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"\\u{1F468}\\u200D\\u{1F4BC} You may have noticed that we're duplicating our operators of \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"+\"}),\", \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"-\"}),\", \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"*\"}),`,\nand `,(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"/\"}),`. Any time we want to add a new operator, we have to add it in two places\nand if we miss one then we could either have a runtime error, or users won't be\nable to use our new operator at all.`]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.p,{children:`It would be better if we could have the compiler let us know we missed one\n(foreshadowing... look forward to that in an upcoming step) or just\nderive the possible operators.`}),`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"To do this, you need to know about two TypeScript keywords: \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"typeof\"}),` and\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"keyof\"}),\". Technically \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"typeof\"}),` is a JavaScript feature, but TypeScript builds on\ntop of this and will get you the TypeScript type for the given variable. So if\nyou say:`]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.pre,{\"data-line-numbers\":\"true\",\"data-lang\":\"tsx\",style:{color:\"var(--base05)\",backgroundColor:\"var(--base00)\"},children:(0,n.jsxs)(e.code,{children:[(0,n.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"1\",children:[(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"const\"}),\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"user\"}),\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"=\"}),\" { name: \",\"'\",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0B)\"},children:\"kody\"}),\"'\",\", isCute: \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base09)\"},children:\"true\"}),\" }\",`\n`]}),(0,n.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"2\",children:[(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"type\"}),\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"User\"}),\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"=\"}),\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"typeof\"}),\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"user\"}),`\n`]}),(0,n.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"3\",children:[(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base03)\"},children:\"// type User = { name: string; isCute: boolean; }\"}),`\n`]})]})}),`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"And then you can use \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"keyof\"}),` to get a union-ed type of strings of all the keys\nin a given type:`]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.pre,{\"data-line-numbers\":\"true\",\"data-lang\":\"tsx\",style:{color:\"var(--base05)\",backgroundColor:\"var(--base00)\"},children:(0,n.jsxs)(e.code,{children:[(0,n.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"1\",children:[(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"type\"}),\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"UserKeys\"}),\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"=\"}),\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"keyof\"}),\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"User\"}),`\n`]}),(0,n.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"2\",children:[(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base03)\"},children:'// type UserKeys = \"name\" | \"isCute\"'}),`\n`]})]})}),`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[`\\u{1F4DC} Learn more about TypeScript's\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.a,{href:\"https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/2/typeof-types.html\",children:[(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"typeof\"}),\" operator\"]}),`\nand\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.a,{href:\"https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/2/keyof-types.html\",children:[(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"keyof\"}),\" operator\"]}),\".\"]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"With that, try and derive the type of the \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"CalculatorProps['operator']\"}),` so you\ndon't have to repeat yourself.`]})]})}function p(r={}){let{wrapper:e}=r.components||{};return e?(0,n.jsx)(e,{...r,children:(0,n.jsx)(i,{...r})}):i(r)}function x(r,e){throw new Error(\"Expected \"+(e?\"component\":\"object\")+\" `\"+r+\"` to be defined: you likely forgot to import, pass, or provide it.\")}return k(E);})();\n;return Component;",[943],"https://www.epicreact.dev/workshops/react-fundamentals/derive-types",{"_9":891,"_892":945,"_894":946},"/app/05.03.problem/test/",[896],{"_9":891,"_892":948},"/app/05.03.problem/","https://stackblitz.com/github/epicweb-dev/react-fundamentals/tree/main/exercises/05.typescript/03.problem.derive?view=editor&title=Derive+Types+%28problem%29&hidedevtools=1&terminalHeight=0&hideNavigation=1&file=index.tsx",{"_20":155,"_342":684,"_869":951,"_22":156,"_24":157,"_871":952,"_886":953,"_889":955,"_897":958,"_900":960,"_466":566,"_477":512,"_9":502,"_914":-5},"03.solution.derive","var Component=(()=>{var f=Object.create;var i=Object.defineProperty;var m=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor;var l=Object.getOwnPropertyNames;var h=Object.getPrototypeOf,x=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;var w=(e,t)=>()=>(t||e((t={exports:{}}).exports,t),t.exports),_=(e,t)=>{for(var n in t)i(e,n,{get:t[n],enumerable:!0})},c=(e,t,n,s)=>{if(t&&typeof t==\"object\"||typeof t==\"function\")for(let r of l(t))!x.call(e,r)&&r!==n&&i(e,r,{get:()=>t[r],enumerable:!(s=m(t,r))||s.enumerable});return e};var y=(e,t,n)=>(n=e!=null?f(h(e)):{},c(t||!e||!e.__esModule?i(n,\"default\",{value:e,enumerable:!0}):n,e)),j=e=>c(i({},\"__esModule\",{value:!0}),e);var p=w((D,d)=>{d.exports=_jsx_runtime});var E={};_(E,{default:()=>u,frontmatter:()=>v});var o=y(p()),v=void 0;function a(e){let t={h1:\"h1\",p:\"p\",...e.components},{EpicVideo:n}=t;return n||g(\"EpicVideo\",!0),(0,o.jsxs)(o.Fragment,{children:[(0,o.jsx)(t.h1,{children:\"Derive Types\"}),`\n`,(0,o.jsx)(n,{url:\"https://www.epicreact.dev/workshops/react-fundamentals/derive-types/solution\"}),`\n`,(0,o.jsx)(t.p,{children:\"\\u{1F468}\\u200D\\u{1F4BC} Great! That's definitely a win for our developer productivity!\"})]})}function u(e={}){let{wrapper:t}=e.components||{};return t?(0,o.jsx)(t,{...e,children:(0,o.jsx)(a,{...e})}):a(e)}function g(e,t){throw new Error(\"Expected \"+(t?\"component\":\"object\")+\" `\"+e+\"` to be defined: you likely forgot to import, pass, or provide it.\")}return j(E);})();\n;return Component;",[954],"https://www.epicreact.dev/workshops/react-fundamentals/derive-types/solution",{"_9":891,"_892":956,"_894":957},"/app/05.03.solution/test/",[896],{"_9":891,"_892":959},"/app/05.03.solution/","https://stackblitz.com/github/epicweb-dev/react-fundamentals/tree/main/exercises/05.typescript/03.solution.derive?view=editor&title=Derive+Types+%28solution%29&hidedevtools=1&terminalHeight=0&hideNavigation=1&file=index.tsx",{"_477":467,"_476":962,"_502":973},{"_20":159,"_342":686,"_869":963,"_22":160,"_24":161,"_871":964,"_886":965,"_889":967,"_897":970,"_900":972,"_466":566,"_477":467,"_9":476,"_902":163},"04.problem.default-props","var Component=(()=>{var h=Object.create;var s=Object.defineProperty;var b=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor;var y=Object.getOwnPropertyNames;var u=Object.getPrototypeOf,v=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;var m=(r,e)=>()=>(e||r((e={exports:{}}).exports,e),e.exports),f=(r,e)=>{for(var l in e)s(r,l,{get:e[l],enumerable:!0})},c=(r,e,l,o)=>{if(e&&typeof e==\"object\"||typeof e==\"function\")for(let n of y(e))!v.call(r,n)&&n!==l&&s(r,n,{get:()=>e[n],enumerable:!(o=b(e,n))||o.enumerable});return r};var k=(r,e,l)=>(l=r!=null?h(u(r)):{},c(e||!r||!r.__esModule?s(l,\"default\",{value:r,enumerable:!0}):l,r)),g=r=>c(s({},\"__esModule\",{value:!0}),r);var i=m((D,t)=>{t.exports=_jsx_runtime});var x={};f(x,{default:()=>p,frontmatter:()=>w});var a=k(i()),w=void 0;function d(r){let e={a:\"a\",code:\"code\",h1:\"h1\",p:\"p\",pre:\"pre\",span:\"span\",...r.components},{EpicVideo:l}=e;return l||E(\"EpicVideo\",!0),(0,a.jsxs)(a.Fragment,{children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.h1,{children:\"Default Props\"}),`\n`,(0,a.jsx)(l,{url:\"https://www.epicreact.dev/workshops/react-fundamentals/default-props\"}),`\n`,(0,a.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[`\\u{1F468}\\u200D\\u{1F4BC} Sometimes you want to allow the user of your component to skip providing a\nprop and use a default value instead. To do this, we can use\n`,(0,a.jsx)(e.a,{href:\"https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/Destructuring_assignment#Default_values_2\",children:\"destructuring default values syntax\"}),`,\nbut when users of our component try to skip a prop, TypeScript will complain\nbecause our type says all the elements of the `,(0,a.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"CalculatorProps\"}),` type are\nrequired.`]}),`\n`,(0,a.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[`So when you make a prop optional, make sure you provide any relevant default\nvalue as well as mark it as optional using the\n`,(0,a.jsx)(e.a,{href:\"https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/2/objects.html#optional-properties\",children:\"optional properties syntax\"}),\":\"]}),`\n`,(0,a.jsx)(e.pre,{\"data-line-numbers\":\"true\",\"data-lang\":\"tsx\",style:{color:\"var(--base05)\",backgroundColor:\"var(--base00)\"},children:(0,a.jsxs)(e.code,{children:[(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"1\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"type\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"User\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"=\"}),\" { \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"name\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\":\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0C)\"},children:\"string\"}),\"; \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"isCute\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"?:\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0C)\"},children:\"boolean\"}),\" }\",`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"2\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base03)\"},children:\"// name is required, isCute is optional, so these both compile:\"}),`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"3\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"const\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"kody\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"=\"}),\" { name: \",\"'\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0B)\"},children:\"Kody\"}),\"'\",\", isCute: \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base09)\"},children:\"true\"}),\" }\",`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"4\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"const\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"peter\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"=\"}),\" { name: \",\"'\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0B)\"},children:\"Peter\"}),\"'\",\" }\",`\n`]})]})}),`\n`,(0,a.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"For this step, make all props optional. Default \",(0,a.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"left\"}),\" and \",(0,a.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"right\"}),` to\n`,(0,a.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"0\"}),\" and \",(0,a.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"operator\"}),\" to \",(0,a.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"'+'\"}),\". Then you can update the App to test it out:\"]}),`\n`,(0,a.jsx)(e.pre,{\"data-line-numbers\":\"true\",\"data-lang\":\"tsx\",style:{color:\"var(--base05)\",backgroundColor:\"var(--base00)\"},children:(0,a.jsxs)(e.code,{children:[(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"1\",children:[(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0D)\"},children:\"function\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0D)\"},children:\"App\"}),\"() {\",`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"2\",children:[\"\t\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"return\"}),\" (\",`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"3\",children:[\"\t\t<\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"div\"}),\">\",`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"4\",children:[\"\t\t\t<\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"h1\"}),\">Calculator\",`\n`]}),(0,a.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"5\",children:[\"\t\t\t<\",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"Calculator\"}),\" \",(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0D)\"},children:\"left\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"=\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0F)\"},children:\"{\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base09)\"},children:\"1\"}),(0,a.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0F)\"},children:\"}\"}),\" 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Component;",[966],"https://www.epicreact.dev/workshops/react-fundamentals/default-props",{"_9":891,"_892":968,"_894":969},"/app/05.04.problem/test/",[896],{"_9":891,"_892":971},"/app/05.04.problem/","https://stackblitz.com/github/epicweb-dev/react-fundamentals/tree/main/exercises/05.typescript/04.problem.default-props?view=editor&title=Default+Props+%28problem%29&hidedevtools=1&terminalHeight=0&hideNavigation=1&file=index.tsx",{"_20":163,"_342":686,"_869":974,"_22":164,"_24":165,"_871":975,"_886":976,"_889":978,"_897":981,"_900":983,"_466":566,"_477":467,"_9":502,"_914":-5},"04.solution.default-props","var Component=(()=>{var l=Object.create;var s=Object.defineProperty;var f=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor;var h=Object.getOwnPropertyNames;var m=Object.getPrototypeOf,w=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;var x=(t,e)=>()=>(e||t((e={exports:{}}).exports,e),e.exports),_=(t,e)=>{for(var o in e)s(t,o,{get:e[o],enumerable:!0})},i=(t,e,o,a)=>{if(e&&typeof e==\"object\"||typeof e==\"function\")for(let r of h(e))!w.call(t,r)&&r!==o&&s(t,r,{get:()=>e[r],enumerable:!(a=f(e,r))||a.enumerable});return t};var j=(t,e,o)=>(o=t!=null?l(m(t)):{},i(e||!t||!t.__esModule?s(o,\"default\",{value:t,enumerable:!0}):o,t)),g=t=>i(s({},\"__esModule\",{value:!0}),t);var d=x((k,c)=>{c.exports=_jsx_runtime});var M={};_(M,{default:()=>u,frontmatter:()=>y});var n=j(d()),y=void 0;function p(t){let e={h1:\"h1\",p:\"p\",...t.components},{EpicVideo:o}=e;return o||E(\"EpicVideo\",!0),(0,n.jsxs)(n.Fragment,{children:[(0,n.jsx)(e.h1,{children:\"Default Props\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(o,{url:\"https://www.epicreact.dev/workshops/react-fundamentals/default-props/solution\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.p,{children:`\\u{1F468}\\u200D\\u{1F4BC} In the React world we use default props all the time, so I'm glad that you\nknow all about how to do that now!`})]})}function u(t={}){let{wrapper:e}=t.components||{};return e?(0,n.jsx)(e,{...t,children:(0,n.jsx)(p,{...t})}):p(t)}function E(t,e){throw new Error(\"Expected \"+(e?\"component\":\"object\")+\" `\"+t+\"` to be defined: you likely forgot to import, pass, or provide it.\")}return g(M);})();\n;return Component;",[977],"https://www.epicreact.dev/workshops/react-fundamentals/default-props/solution",{"_9":891,"_892":979,"_894":980},"/app/05.04.solution/test/",[896],{"_9":891,"_892":982},"/app/05.04.solution/","https://stackblitz.com/github/epicweb-dev/react-fundamentals/tree/main/exercises/05.typescript/04.solution.default-props?view=editor&title=Default+Props+%28solution%29&hidedevtools=1&terminalHeight=0&hideNavigation=1&file=index.tsx",{"_477":566,"_476":985,"_502":996},{"_20":167,"_342":688,"_869":986,"_22":168,"_24":169,"_871":987,"_886":988,"_889":990,"_897":993,"_900":995,"_466":566,"_477":566,"_9":476,"_902":171},"05.problem.function-types","var Component=(()=>{var p=Object.create;var r=Object.defineProperty;var u=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor;var y=Object.getOwnPropertyNames;var f=Object.getPrototypeOf,w=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;var m=(n,e)=>()=>(e||n((e={exports:{}}).exports,e),e.exports),g=(n,e)=>{for(var o in e)r(n,o,{get:e[o],enumerable:!0})},s=(n,e,o,a)=>{if(e&&typeof e==\"object\"||typeof e==\"function\")for(let i of y(e))!w.call(n,i)&&i!==o&&r(n,i,{get:()=>e[i],enumerable:!(a=u(e,i))||a.enumerable});return n};var b=(n,e,o)=>(o=n!=null?p(f(n)):{},s(e||!n||!n.__esModule?r(o,\"default\",{value:n,enumerable:!0}):o,n)),v=n=>s(r({},\"__esModule\",{value:!0}),n);var d=m((T,c)=>{c.exports=_jsx_runtime});var j={};g(j,{default:()=>h,frontmatter:()=>x});var t=b(d()),x=void 0;function l(n){let e={a:\"a\",code:\"code\",h1:\"h1\",li:\"li\",p:\"p\",ul:\"ul\",...n.components},{EpicVideo:o}=e;return o||k(\"EpicVideo\",!0),(0,t.jsxs)(t.Fragment,{children:[(0,t.jsx)(e.h1,{children:\"Reduce Duplication\"}),`\n`,(0,t.jsx)(o,{url:\"https://www.epicreact.dev/workshops/react-fundamentals/reduce-duplication\"}),`\n`,(0,t.jsx)(e.p,{children:`\\u{1F989} These last two steps have little to do with React and everything to\ndo with TypeScript. If you'd rather skip these two, I won't be offended \\u{1F972}`}),`\n`,(0,t.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"\\u{1F468}\\u200D\\u{1F4BC} One last thing that bugs me is the repetition in the \",(0,t.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"operations\"}),` type. The\ntype for every one of those functions is the same. They all accept two numbers\nand return a number.`]}),`\n`,(0,t.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[`One thing we could do is extract that function into a type and then tell\nTypeScript that the `,(0,t.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"operations\"}),\" object is a \",(0,t.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"Record\"}),` where the key is one of\nthe valid operators and the value is an `,(0,t.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"OperationFn\"}),\".\"]}),`\n`,(0,t.jsx)(e.p,{children:\"I'm going to let you try this one on your own.\"}),`\n`,(0,t.jsx)(e.p,{children:\"\\u{1F4B0} But I'll give you some hints:\"}),`\n`,(0,t.jsxs)(e.ul,{children:[`\n`,(0,t.jsxs)(e.li,{children:[`You'll need \\u{1F4DC}\n`,(0,t.jsxs)(e.a,{href:\"https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/utility-types.html#recordkeys-type\",children:[\"TypeScript's \",(0,t.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"Record\"}),\" Utility Type\"]})]}),`\n`,(0,t.jsxs)(e.li,{children:[\"You'll have to manually create a union of all allowed \",(0,t.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"operations\"}),` again for\nthe Record's `,(0,t.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"key\"})]}),`\n`,(0,t.jsxs)(e.li,{children:[`You'll need to define \\u{1F4DC}\n`,(0,t.jsx)(e.a,{href:\"https://kentcdodds.com/blog/typescript-function-syntaxes\",children:\"a function type\"}),`\nfor the Record's value`]}),`\n`]}),`\n`,(0,t.jsx)(e.p,{children:`\\u{1F989} At the end of this one, you may prefer the previous version and that's fine.\nThis is just two ways to do it and they both come with trade-offs. Personally, I\nprefer this way to avoid typing all the functions individually.`}),`\n`,(0,t.jsx)(e.p,{children:`\\u{1F989} Also, you may wonder why we went back to repeating ourselves. Unfortunately\nthere's no way around it if you want to define the object as a Record with a\nspecific key. However! It's not as bad as before because if we make a mistake\nand forget to update both places, the compiler will complain at us rather than\nhaving a runtime error, so it's less of a problem. And there's actually a\nworkaround for this, which is what the next step is all about!`})]})}function h(n={}){let{wrapper:e}=n.components||{};return e?(0,t.jsx)(e,{...n,children:(0,t.jsx)(l,{...n})}):l(n)}function k(n,e){throw new Error(\"Expected \"+(e?\"component\":\"object\")+\" `\"+n+\"` to be defined: you likely forgot to import, pass, or provide it.\")}return v(j);})();\n;return Component;",[989],"https://www.epicreact.dev/workshops/react-fundamentals/reduce-duplication",{"_9":891,"_892":991,"_894":992},"/app/05.05.problem/test/",[896],{"_9":891,"_892":994},"/app/05.05.problem/","https://stackblitz.com/github/epicweb-dev/react-fundamentals/tree/main/exercises/05.typescript/05.problem.function-types?view=editor&title=Reduce+Duplication+%28problem%29&hidedevtools=1&terminalHeight=0&hideNavigation=1&file=index.tsx",{"_20":171,"_342":688,"_869":997,"_22":172,"_24":173,"_871":998,"_886":999,"_889":1001,"_897":1004,"_900":1006,"_466":566,"_477":566,"_9":502,"_914":-5},"05.solution.function-types","var Component=(()=>{var l=Object.create;var r=Object.defineProperty;var h=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor;var m=Object.getOwnPropertyNames;var f=Object.getPrototypeOf,x=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;var w=(e,t)=>()=>(t||e((t={exports:{}}).exports,t),t.exports),_=(e,t)=>{for(var n in t)r(e,n,{get:t[n],enumerable:!0})},s=(e,t,n,c)=>{if(t&&typeof t==\"object\"||typeof t==\"function\")for(let i of m(t))!x.call(e,i)&&i!==n&&r(e,i,{get:()=>t[i],enumerable:!(c=h(t,i))||c.enumerable});return e};var g=(e,t,n)=>(n=e!=null?l(f(e)):{},s(t||!e||!e.__esModule?r(n,\"default\",{value:e,enumerable:!0}):n,e)),j=e=>s(r({},\"__esModule\",{value:!0}),e);var u=w((b,d)=>{d.exports=_jsx_runtime});var y={};_(y,{default:()=>a,frontmatter:()=>E});var o=g(u()),E=void 0;function p(e){let t={h1:\"h1\",p:\"p\",...e.components},{EpicVideo:n}=t;return n||M(\"EpicVideo\",!0),(0,o.jsxs)(o.Fragment,{children:[(0,o.jsx)(t.h1,{children:\"Reduce Duplication\"}),`\n`,(0,o.jsx)(n,{url:\"https://www.epicreact.dev/workshops/react-fundamentals/reduce-duplication/solution\"}),`\n`,(0,o.jsx)(t.p,{children:`\\u{1F468}\\u200D\\u{1F4BC} Getting rid of duplication quite nice here. Well done! But we duplicated\nsomething else which is less nice...`})]})}function a(e={}){let{wrapper:t}=e.components||{};return t?(0,o.jsx)(t,{...e,children:(0,o.jsx)(p,{...e})}):p(e)}function M(e,t){throw new Error(\"Expected \"+(t?\"component\":\"object\")+\" `\"+e+\"` to be defined: you likely forgot to import, pass, or provide it.\")}return j(y);})();\n;return Component;",[1000],"https://www.epicreact.dev/workshops/react-fundamentals/reduce-duplication/solution",{"_9":891,"_892":1002,"_894":1003},"/app/05.05.solution/test/",[896],{"_9":891,"_892":1005},"/app/05.05.solution/","https://stackblitz.com/github/epicweb-dev/react-fundamentals/tree/main/exercises/05.typescript/05.solution.function-types?view=editor&title=Reduce+Duplication+%28solution%29&hidedevtools=1&terminalHeight=0&hideNavigation=1&file=index.tsx",{"_477":690,"_476":1008,"_502":1019},{"_20":175,"_342":691,"_869":1009,"_22":176,"_24":177,"_871":1010,"_886":1011,"_889":1013,"_897":1016,"_900":1018,"_466":566,"_477":690,"_9":476,"_902":179},"06.problem.satisfies","var Component=(()=>{var h=Object.create;var o=Object.defineProperty;var y=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor;var b=Object.getOwnPropertyNames;var u=Object.getPrototypeOf,m=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;var v=(a,e)=>()=>(e||a((e={exports:{}}).exports,e),e.exports),w=(a,e)=>{for(var s in e)o(a,s,{get:e[s],enumerable:!0})},l=(a,e,s,t)=>{if(e&&typeof e==\"object\"||typeof e==\"function\")for(let r of b(e))!m.call(a,r)&&r!==s&&o(a,r,{get:()=>e[r],enumerable:!(t=y(e,r))||t.enumerable});return a};var f=(a,e,s)=>(s=a!=null?h(u(a)):{},l(e||!a||!a.__esModule?o(s,\"default\",{value:a,enumerable:!0}):s,a)),x=a=>l(o({},\"__esModule\",{value:!0}),a);var i=v((j,c)=>{c.exports=_jsx_runtime});var E={};w(E,{default:()=>p,frontmatter:()=>g});var n=f(i()),g=void 0;function d(a){let e={a:\"a\",code:\"code\",h1:\"h1\",p:\"p\",pre:\"pre\",span:\"span\",strong:\"strong\",...a.components},{EpicVideo:s}=e;return s||k(\"EpicVideo\",!0),(0,n.jsxs)(n.Fragment,{children:[(0,n.jsx)(e.h1,{children:\"Satisfies\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(s,{url:\"https://www.epicreact.dev/workshops/react-fundamentals/satisfies\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[`\\u{1F468}\\u200D\\u{1F4BC} Ok, so repeating ourselves there is not awesome. The problem is that we want\nto enforce the value of our `,(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"operations\"}),` object, but to do that we either have\nto widen the type of our `,(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"key\"}),` or list it explicitly as we're doing. This is\nbecause when you cast your object to a type, TypeScript widens your type as far\nas that cast. Here's a simple example of the problem:`]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.pre,{\"data-line-numbers\":\"true\",\"data-lang\":\"ts\",style:{color:\"var(--base05)\",backgroundColor:\"var(--base00)\"},children:(0,n.jsxs)(e.code,{children:[(0,n.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"1\",children:[(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"type\"}),\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"ValidCandies\"}),\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"=\"}),\" \",\"'\",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0B)\"},children:\"twix\"}),\"'\",\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"|\"}),\" \",\"'\",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0B)\"},children:\"snickers\"}),\"'\",\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"|\"}),\" \",\"'\",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0B)\"},children:\"m&ms\"}),\"'\",`\n`]}),(0,n.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"2\",children:[(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"const\"}),\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"candy\"}),(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\":\"}),\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"ValidCandies\"}),\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"=\"}),\" \",\"'\",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0B)\"},children:\"twix\"}),\"'\",`\n`]}),(0,n.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"3\",children:[(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base03)\"},children:\"// candy is 'twix' | 'snickers' | 'm&ms'\"}),`\n`]})]})}),`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[`What we need is some way to enforce the values of our object, without having to\nannotate our object. We can do this using TypeScript's\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.a,{href:\"https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/release-notes/typescript-4-9.html#the-satisfies-operator\",children:(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"satisfies\"})}),` syntax.\nFor example:`]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.pre,{\"data-line-numbers\":\"true\",\"data-lang\":\"ts\",style:{color:\"var(--base05)\",backgroundColor:\"var(--base00)\"},children:(0,n.jsxs)(e.code,{children:[(0,n.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"1\",children:[(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"type\"}),\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"ValidCandies\"}),\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"=\"}),\" \",\"'\",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0B)\"},children:\"twix\"}),\"'\",\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"|\"}),\" \",\"'\",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0B)\"},children:\"snickers\"}),\"'\",\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"|\"}),\" \",\"'\",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0B)\"},children:\"m&ms\"}),\"'\",`\n`]}),(0,n.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"2\",children:[(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"const\"}),\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base08)\"},children:\"candy\"}),\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"=\"}),\" \",\"'\",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0B)\"},children:\"twix\"}),\"'\",\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0E)\"},children:\"satisfies\"}),\" \",(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base0A)\"},children:\"ValidCandies\"}),`\n`]}),(0,n.jsxs)(e.span,{className:\"codeblock-line\",\"data-line-number\":\"3\",children:[(0,n.jsx)(e.span,{style:{color:\"var(--base03)\"},children:\"// candy is 'twix'\"}),`\n`]})]})}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.p,{children:\"See? No type widening! Wahoo!\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(\"callout-info\",{children:(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"Before \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"satisfies\"}),` came out, we had to use a \"Constrained Identity Function\"\n(pattern coined by yours truly). 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05. TypeScript/Elaboration